Nephrotic Syndrome is a group of symptoms and usually caused by glomerular injury of your kidneys. It can occur both in children and adults.

The most common cause in children is minimal change disease, while membranous glomerulonephritis is the most commonly seen in adults.

The disease can progress over time, and if left untreated, it will eventually develop into Kidney Failure. In general, the most typical characteristics of this disease are massive proteinuria, severe swelling(edema), hypoproteinemia and hyperlipidemia.

The most notable symptoms of swelling may firstly occur in patient’s eyelids, face, ankles, legs. In serious condition, it can spread to the whole body and cause pleural effusion, ascites, pericardial effusion, pulmonary edema, etc.

It is generally recognised that the swelling of this disease is mainly caused by the decrease of plasma protein, especially the albumin. Other thoughts consider that it is associated with decline of glomerular filtration rate and increase of renal tubular reabsorption.

Foamy urine, which is caused by excessive protein in urine.

Weight gain due to excess fluid retention in the body.

Difficult breathing, which is related to pleural effusion and ascites.

High blood pressure(hypertension), which may be induced by the accumulated toxins and fluids in body.

Loss of appetite, which is caused by the damage of the digestive system. In serious condition, there may be nausea and vomiting.

Increased risks of infections, such as fever.

Malnutrition, due to the lack of calcium, some sufferers may experience muscle cramps.

Other symptoms of Nephrotic Syndrome include the reduction of urine output, tiredness and painful urination.

If you have some of the above symptoms, see your doctor to discuss what might be causing them.

If you have been diagnosed with Nephrotic Syndrome, we're here to help. You can email us:renal-disease@hotmail.com(Monday through Sunday) to make an appointment.